Camera resolution: 15 microns per pixel

The metal balls in the photo above are 2 millimeters in diameter, and the entire image is about 2.5 cm long, illuminated by four white LEDs.

It's the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI), a device capable of capturing images with a resolution of 15.4 microns per pixel. That's about twice as high as the resolution on Mars Rovers Spirit and Opportunity. The device will fly on NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission in late 2011, attached to Mars Rover Curiosity's articulated arm.

Using this camera, geologists would be able to get closer than ever to every rock or sand pit, analyzing the images to study their composition as if they were on the planet itself.

I wonder how they're going to wipe dust off the lens...

Photo from NASA, via Gizmodo.